You can help us out by revising, improving and updatingĪfter you claim a section you’ll have 24 hours to send in a draft. This is a little comment on Marx's famous axiom that religion is an opiate for the masses.
Lewis's portrait of deity from The Lion, The Witch, and the Wardrobe.
Just one more note about the novel's use of allusion-when Alfred's wife talks to a doctor she is prescribed "Aslan," which is the name of C.S. When that happens, they catalyze their fates. This creates a suffering deficit where after enough suffering, these men finally chose to face their existential dread in the face. The Pynchonian aspect of this symbology demands a Freudian reading, but it is outlandish and obvious the father has fixation about his own nature as an animal, and one of the most undeniable signs of his animal nature is waste.Ĭhip shares his father's fear of mortality, and that shapes both of their experiences of shame. Chip's father, Alfred, is suffering from a recurring nightmare where his own feces has come to life and is attacking him. In a similar emotional moment, we see Chip's father on a luxury cruise-liner (not a free association, for anyone who might be familiar with Franzen's friendship to David Foster Wallace who wrote a famous treatment of luxury cruises not five years earlier). He just cannot remember how to become happy anymore. Chip's parents are in town, which is already frustrating and traumatic, because they argue in the most insidious ways, and at home he deals with a girlfriend who wants his art to be sexually repressive in his opinion, and to make matters worse, he is familiar with the emotional freedom of euphoria. By inundating the reader with minor injustices, Franzen's prose shows a young man barely hanging on to his temper. Written by people who wish to remain anonymousĪnyone who is familiar with Franzen's literature might know just how angry these novels can make a reader. We are thankful for their contributions and encourage you to make your own. These notes were contributed by members of the GradeSaver community.
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